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AMA Citation Style, 11th ed.

Personal Communications - Section 3.13.10 (pg 92)


"Personal communications should not be included in the list of references. Personal communications should be used judiciously and documentation provided to support personal communication. Oral communication should be supported in writing." 

AMA Manual of Style Committee. AMA Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors. 11th ed. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 2020.

 

** Check with your instructor to ensure you are permitted to include personal communications as resources in your paper.**


 

When including personal communications in the text of your paper:

  • Provide the date of the communication and indicate if it was a letter, email or document. 
  • Include the person's highest academic degree.
  • Identify the person's affiliation if helpful to establish authority of individual or relevance of citation. 

 

Note: Some publications will require author obtain written permission from the individual when their unpublished data or communication is cited. 

 

Examples

According to email from L.K. Smith, MD in September 2024...

In a conversation with Peter K. Jones, PhD, RN, CNE (October 15, 2024)